堆肥条件下生物降解性的评价体系--EN13432 详解

（1）Packaging，packaging materials and packaging components shall contain a minimum of 50% of volatile solids which exclude largely inert materials.（大于50%的挥发性物质）

（2）Heavy metals and other toxic and hazardous substances（评估重金属或其他有毒有害物质）

（3）Determination of the organic carbon content, total dry solids and volatile solids of the packaging material used for biodegradation and disintegration tests.（总有机碳含量，干物质总量，挥发性物质总量）

（1）Significant organic constituents:any organic constituent present in more than 1% of dry weight of that material. The total proportion of organic constituents without determined biodegradability shall not exceed 5%. (超过1%的成分都需要测试生物降解能力，小于1%的部分总和不超过5%)

（2）Chemically unmodified packaging materials and constituents of natural origin, such as wood, wood fibre, cotton fibre, starch, paper pulp or jute shall be accepted as being biodegradable without testing. (未经过化学改性或纯天然的材料，如纸浆、淀粉、棉麻纤维、木及木头纤维或黄麻可以不经测试被认为生物可降解)

（3）Aerobic biodegradation tests 需氧生物降解测试测试

周期不得超过6个月，生物降解率超过90%

（4）Anaerobic biodegradation tests 厌氧生物降解测试测试

周期不得超过2个月，生物降解率超过50%

（1）Unless technically impossible the packaging, packaging material or packaging component shall be tested for disintegration in the form in which it will ultimately be used. 崩解应该以最终的使用状态进行测试

In practice packaging materials are tested and from this it is concluded that a complete packaging will be disintegrated if all of its materials are capable of disintegration. A complete packaging should, however, be tested in cases where a direct conclusion is not possible e.g. if two or more packaging materials are firmly joined together forming a fixed multi-layer structure.

如果两种或多种材料通过复合在一起形成了稳定的过程结构，完整包装需要整体测试崩解能力

（2）未经过化学改性或纯天然的材料也需要测试崩解能力。

（3）Aerobic biodegradation tests 需氧生物降解测试测试

周期不得超过12个周，90%要通过2mm筛子

（4）Anaerobic biodegradation tests 厌氧生物降解测试测试

周期不得超过5个周，90%要通过2mm筛子

（1）Physical-chemical parameters 理化性质

（volumetric weight (density), total dry solids, volatile solids, salt content，PH, total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, phosphorus, magnesium and potassium）

（2）Ecotoxicity 生态毒性

The germination rate and the plant biomass of the sample composts of both plant species should be more than 90 % of those from the corresponding blank compost (see Annex E).

两种植物的发芽率和植物重应超过空白堆肥的90%

测试方法

OECD 208: Terrestrial Plant Test - Seedling Emergence and Seedling Growth Test

数据有效性

(1) 出苗率应不少于70%；

(2)幼苗没有可见的植物毒素影响（如变色病、坏死病、枯萎、叶子和茎的畸形），个别种类的植株在生长和形态上只有正常变异；

(3) 试验期间，对照组幼苗平均存活率应高于90%；

(4)特定品种的生长环境条件应保持一致，同时其生长介质中应含有等量的人工土壤基质、支持介质或同样来源的基质。

（1）Equivalent form（等价形式）

A packaging material demonstrated to be organically recoverable in a particular form, shall be accepted as being organically recoverable in any other form having the same or a smaller mass to surface ratio or wall thickness. 已经证明在某一特定形式下是有机可回收的，其更小的面积和厚度可以等价为有机可回收。

（2） Materials of natural origin（天然来源的材料）

Chemically unmodified packaging materials and constituents of natural origin, such as wood, wood fibre, cotton fibre, starch, paper pulp or jute shall be accepted as being biodegradable without testing (see clause 6) but shall be chemically characterized (see 4.2) and fulfil the criteria for disintegration (see clause 7) andcompost quality . 未经过化学改性或纯天然的材料，如纸浆、淀粉、棉麻纤维、木及木头纤维或黄麻可以不经测试被认为是生物可降解，但需要测试理化性质，崩解能力和堆肥质量。

来源：迟延娜《生物降解材料及制品的可堆肥能力检测认证及合规要求》